Deflation occurs when the general price of goods and services reduces and causes inflation to fall below 0%.
Deflation increases the relative value of money and allows consumers and businesses to buy more goods and services. Whilst deflation can seem a good thing in the short term, deflation can aggravate or cause recessions as demand drops as people believe the goods/services they buy now may be cheaper tomorrow. The resulting drop in demand-inflation can result in over-production / excess availability of services which in turn leads to an economic slump.
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